How to Study Effectively – 8 Concentration Strategies

We found a killer list of concentration strategies for students.
This list is perfect for those who want to know the best way to cram for an exam. Check this out:
Eat Frequent Small Meals
Avoid eating a big meal before a study session. Too much food will send your body into a ‘rest’ mode. On the other hand, don’t starve yourself either. Frequent small meals are best.
Study When You’re Sharpest
Study according to your body-clock. Are you sharpest in the morning or at the evening? Schedule your most difficult materials when you are mentally at your best, and schedule the easier ones when you are mentally less efficient.
Drink Water Often
Drink plenty of water during a study session, especially when you feel sluggish. Caffeine may help you to stay awake, but it can increase your anxiety – use it in moderation.
Don’t Get Too Comfortable in Your Chair
Choose a chair that supports your back. It should be comfortable, but not too comfortable. Just like an athlete during a performance, your body should be relaxed, so that all your energy goes to where it matters – your brain.
Clear Your Desk of Everything You Don’t Need
Have everything you need on the desk. Put away what you do not need for the study session. Seeing reminders of other assessments or domestic bills may increase your anxiety and distract you.
Take Breaks Every Hour
It is important to take a break before you feel tired and lose your concentration completely. Regular breaks at least once an hour helps to sustain your concentration. If the work is not going too well and you have difficulties in concentrating, you may need a long break and go back to it later
Stretch During Your Breaks
Know and respect your concentration span which will vary from hour to hour and from day to day. When you sit for long periods, gravity draws the blood to the lower part of your body. When you take a break, take a few deep breaths and get more oxygen to your brain: try walking around and doing some light stretching for a few minutes. It will help to release tension in your body, and help your circulation.
Study at the Same Time, Same Place
Study at the same time and at the same place, devoted to study only. This helps you to associate the time and place with studying and concentrating. You will find that you get into a habit of studying as soon as you sit down.
Check out the other concentration strategies . . .
Recommended Reading:

INTUITION AND INTELLIGENCE

Teaching Philosophy

The goal is to help students improve their grades and actually learn!  These objectives are equally important.  A high GPA without learning is pointless.  The idea is to get an education!  On the other hand, when learning exceeds what is reflected in a student's grades, that's better - but reality is that grades are important to opening doors and creating opportunity. Both real learning and good grades are keys to long term educational success.

My style of teaching is cooperative and adaptable.  Every student is different in terms of attitude, energy level, particular strengths and weaknesses, etc.  There is no one-size-fits-all approach.  I get a feel for how the student is responding to other sources (textbooks, instructors, parents, etc.) and do my best to complement the package in the most effective way.

I favor developing mental intuition over memorization.  Memorization is useful and important to a degree.  Yet it does not always lead to long term retention, and it can be counter-productive to gaining a meaningful understanding of the material.  Once a student truly understands a concept, things tend to click, and studying becomes less arduous and more rewarding.

My goal, in a sense, is ultimately to render myself obsolete.  Rather than nurture a continuing dependency on my guidance, I want to equip students with skills and disciplines that will foster the independence that will enable them to succeed as they move deeper into their educational experience and out into the real world.

For other uses, see Intelligence (disambiguation).

Human intelligence
Abilities and Traits
Abstract thought Communication · Creativity Emotional Intelligence Knowledge · Learning · Memory Problem solving · Reaction time Reasoning · Understanding Visual Processing
Models and Theories
Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory Fluid and crystallized intelligence General intelligence factor Intelligence quotient Theory of multiple intelligences Triarchic theory of intelligence
Fields of study
Cognitive epidemiology Environment and intelligence Evolution of human intelligence Heritability of IQ Impact of health on intelligence Neuroscience and intelligence Psychometrics Race and intelligence
v · d · e

Intelligence has been defined in different ways, including the abilities for abstract thought, understanding, communication, reasoning, learning, planning, emotional intelligence and problem solving.
Intelligence is most widely studied in humans, but has also been observed in animals and plants. Artificial intelligence is the intelligence of machines or the simulation of intelligence in machines.
Numerous definitions of and hypotheses about intelligence have been proposed since before the twentieth century, with no consensus reached by scholars. Within the discipline of psychology, various approaches to human intelligence have been adopted. The psychometric approach is especially familiar to the general public, as well as being the most researched and by far the most widely used in practical settings.^[1]

Contents 1 History of the term 2 Definitions 3 Human intelligence 3.1 Psychometrics 3.1.1 General intelligence factor or g 3.1.2 Historical psychometric theories 3.1.3 Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory 3.1.4 Controversies 3.2 Other theories 3.2.1 Multiple intelligences 3.2.2 Triarchic theory of intelligence 3.2.3 Piaget's theory and Neo-Piagetian theories 3.2.4 Emotional intelligence 3.2.5 Latent inhibition 3.3 Evolution of intelligence 3.4 Improving intelligence 4 Animal and plant intelligence 5 Artificial intelligence 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External links

History of the term

Main article: Nous

Intelligence derives from the Latin verb intelligere which derives from inter-legere meaning to "pick out" or discern. A form of this verb, intellectus, became the medieval technical term for understanding, and a translation for the Greek philosophical term nous. This term was however strongly linked to the metaphysical and cosmological theories of teleological scholasticism, including theories of the immortality of the soul, and the concept of the Active Intellect (also known as the Active Intelligence). This entire approach to the study of nature was strongly rejected by the early modern philosophers such as Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and David Hume, all of whom preferred the word "understanding" in their English philosophical works.^[2][3] Hobbes for example, in his Latin De Corpore, used "intellectus intelligit" (translated in the English version as "the understanding understandeth") as a typical example of a logical absurdity.^[4] The term "intelligence" has therefore become less common in English language philosophy, but it has later been taken up (without the scholastic theories which it once implied) in more contemporary psychology.

Definitions

How to define intelligence is controversial. Groups of scientists have stated the following:

1. from "Mainstream Science on Intelligence" (1994), an editorial statement by fifty-two researchers:

   A very general mental capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test-taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroundings—"catching on," "making sense" of things, or "figuring out" what to do.^[5]

2. from "Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns" (1995), a report published by the Board of Scientific Affairs of the American Psychological Association:

   Individuals differ from one another in their ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learn from experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, to overcome obstacles by taking thought. Although these individual differences can be substantial, they are never entirely consistent: a given person's intellectual performance will vary on different occasions, in different domains, as judged by different criteria. Concepts of "intelligence" are attempts to clarify and organize this complex set of phenomena. Although considerable clarity has been achieved in some areas, no such conceptualization has yet answered all the important questions, and none commands universal assent. Indeed, when two dozen prominent theorists were recently asked to define intelligence, they gave two dozen, somewhat different, definitions.^[6][7]

Besides the foregoing definitions, these psychology and learning researchers also have defined intelligence as:

Researcher	Quotation
Alfred Binet	Judgment, otherwise called "good sense," "practical sense," "initiative," the faculty of adapting one's self to circumstances ... auto-critique.[8]
David Wechsler	The aggregate or global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment.[9]
Lloyd Humphreys	"...the resultant of the process of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new contexts information and conceptual skills."[10]
Cyril Burt	Innate general cognitive ability[11]
Howard Gardner	To my mind, a human intellectual competence must entail a set of skills of problem solving — enabling the individual to resolve genuine problems or difficulties that he or she encounters and, when appropriate, to create an effective product — and must also entail the potential for finding or creating problems — and thereby laying the groundwork for the acquisition of new knowledge.[12]
Linda Gottfredson	The ability to deal with cognitive complexity.[13]
Sternberg & Salter	Goal-directed adaptive behavior.[14]
Reuven Feuerstein	The theory of Structural Cognitive Modifiability describes intelligence as "the unique propensity of human beings to change or modify the structure of their cognitive functioning to adapt to the changing demands of a life situation."[15]

What is considered intelligent varies with culture. For example, when asked to sort, the Kpelle people take a functional approach. A Kpelle participant stated "the knife goes with the orange because it cuts it." When asked how a fool would sort, they sorted linguistically, putting the knife with other implements and the orange with other foods, which is the style considered intelligent in other cultures.^[16]

Human intelligence

Psychometrics

Main articles: Intelligence quotient and Psychometrics

The IQs of a large enough population are calculated so that they conform^[17] to a normal distribution.

The approach

PERSONAL INTUITION

How to Improve your Intuition and Clairvoyance

15 October 2010 8 Comments

Quote of the day: "When due process fails us, we really do live in a world of terror." - JC Denton

Have you had that practice when all of a sudden you just had this huge hunch that something is about to happen, and to your surprise, that intuition was eventually translated to reality? When you feel powerfully about a thing lacking logical basis to it, that’s named intuition.The intuition comes in 3 impressions: clairvoyance or else “the third eye”, sensing clearly and feeling through listening.

Clairvoyance is the skill of ‘considering’ beyond the five senses. Clairvoyance is frequently called the ‘sixth sense’ or esp. It is correlated to the metaphors that are always present in our minds that bring messages from other frequency and realms.
Sensing clearly is in the end what we refer to as “hunch” or “gut feel.” This is the time when you are overwhelmed with a feeling and you can’t clarify it and all you can say is “I just know.”
On the other hand, feeling through listening or clairaudience is being able to “listen” between the lines. Intuition also happens at times when a particular sound, no matter what it is – be it a car’s honk or a bird’s twitting – ushers in an intense feeling.
They say only a digit of people are able with intuition. Astrologers even persist that people born under the Scorpio or Pisces signs are naturally intuitive it nearly limits on E.S.P. But studies have been emergent left and right that proclaim that anyone can mend intuition.
Why we need to boost our intuition? Why not let you’re emotional and psychological state as it is? First and leading, intuition promotes and very excellent communication. It makes you more sensitive to the people nearly you; it often keeps you from hurting those you like because you are intuitive enough to know them. Intuition also makes you far more creative than ever. Intuition means releasing more creative juices for any means of face. Finally, intuition has a fantastic healing power. This healing skill is not in the particular sense, but in delving abysmal into your body to defeat some abrogating activity active in it.
Here are 7 vital ways to boost your intuition:
1. Get physically hypnotized.
Hypnosis is not limited to surveillance a pendulum go back and forth. Perform self-hypnosis or you can avail of hypnotic programs that can strengthen your intuition.
2. Rumination and finding peace in physically
Meditating means finding peace in physically. If your mind and heart are cluttered with too a lot of baggage and hurt, you wouldn’t be able to silent down that part of you that could eventually initiate intuition. There are so numerous ways to meditate: take a yoga class, or just simply practice some breathing that could bring you honest to Zen.
3. Reckon always positive!
A worry-free, dread-free condition could do very much to mend your intuitive skill. By staying always positive, you be a pull for excellent energy that would be able to easily recognize pending feelings and events.
4.  Just let go.
What is that? If you are on the brink of building a huge declaration, let go of all the inhibitions and head to a silent place where you could find out where the letting go has brought you. Now and again you just accept to accept to the articulation aural you, and that articulation wouldn’t appear out unless you let go.
5. Never expect for an resolution right.
After forgiveness go of the inhibitions and all those things that stop you from cerebration and activity clearly, never apprehend for an acknowledgment appropriate away. Never apprehend that the “hunch” would abatement on your lap at once. Give it a modest time again you’d just get frightened that -wham! Now you accept your resolution.
6. Trust in your first impressions.
When you see anyone for the aboriginal time and anticipate that he is a bit too aloof for your taste, contact are that importance in fact holds right. Most of the time, aboriginal impressions are brought by intuition.
7. Stay always pleased!
Do you see? All you charge to be compulsory is to break pleased! Beatitude attracts immense skill and such skill includes intuition. In borer your intuition, your action accept to be beatitude and ease. Given that premise, intuition wills abatement to you easily.
Intuition is helpful, because now and again it leads you to something that cannot be accomplished otherwise. A lot of lives accept been adored by intuition alone. Decisions are simpler done if armed by this gift. Mend intuition now and buy allowances you accept never imagined.

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING RESEARCH FORUM UNN: MATHS RESEARCH

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING RESEARCH FORUM UNN: MATHS RESEARCH

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING RESEARCH FORUM UNN: MATHS RESEARCH

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING RESEARCH FORUM UNN: MATHS RESEARCH

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING RESEARCH FORUM UNN: MATHS RESEARCH

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING RESEARCH FORUM UNN: MATHS RESEARCH

Healthy criticism can help refine our talents and creative projects in the pursuit of excellence. But when it is based on a excessive perfectionism or an unrealistic self concept, criticism can be destructive and self-limiting, eroding our creative assurance and vitality.
Many creative people, even when they have achieved recognition for their talents, may experience self-critical thoughts and insecurity.

Irish writer John Banville, just before receiving The Booker Prize, considered the world's most prestigious award for new fiction, was sure he would not win; "I tend to think all my books are bad,” he said.

Many talented film actors report they don’t watch their own movies. When you can be seen in close-ups on twenty foot high theater screens, it may be especially hard not to criticize your appearance and performance. Joaquin Phoenix has said he doesn't like how his teeth look, or his lips. Kate Winslet has admitted that before going off to a movie shoot, she sometimes thinks, “I’m a fraud, and they're going to fire me... I'm fat; I'm ugly.”
Highly creative and talented people are, according to research on giftedness, often susceptible to perfectionism and unreasonably high standards and expectations that can lead to exaggerated criticism.
Lesley Sword, director of Gifted and Creative Services, in Australia, finds that gifted children are “highly self critical and over reactive to the criticism of others. They express dissatisfaction with themselves; they see what ‘ought to be’ in themselves... They have a vision of perfectionism that they measure themselves against and they can become despondent sometimes even depressed, at their perceived failure.”

Children who have strong abilities may get praised for their creative projects, but miss out on learning that criticism may be helpful, or that perseverance and time are needed to develop talents fully. Then as adults, when their painting or book or movie does not come together quickly or “perfectly” enough, they can be harshly critical of themselves.

And standards for what is “good” creative work have typically been developed by males, based on male values and male artists, rather than recognizing women as having equal, though perhaps different, creative sensibilities.
Impostor feelings can also accompany or lead to self-criticism. Jonathan Safran Foer, author of the novel Everything Is Illuminated, said, “I can be very hard on myself. I convince myself that I'm fooling people. Or, I convince myself that people like the book for the wrong reasons.”
Ideas about identity can also be limiting. Director Jane Campion, praised for "The Piano" and other films, once commented, "I never have had the confidence to approach film making straight on. I just thought it was something done by geniuses, and I was very clear that I wasn't one of those."
Another example is Nobel Prize winner poet and writer Czeslaw Milosz, who once said, “From early on writing for me has been a way to overcome my real or imagined worthlessness.”
These are not unusual cases, according to researchers. Many people with exceptional abilities experience complex feelings including inadequacy and inferiority, and critical self-evaluation.
In her book The Gifted Adult, Mary-Elaine Jacobsen writes about common judgments people often hear from others - disparaging comments that over time can be taken on as self-criticism: "Why don't you slow down?"; "You worry about everything!"; "Can't you just stick with one thing?": "You're so sensitive and dramatic!"; "You have to do everything the hard way!"
One way to counter such criticism from others, and yourself, may be to use some humor. In the witty tv series “Bones,” cocky FBI Agent Seeley Booth (played by David Boreanaz) often makes snide remarks about forensic anthropologist Dr. Temperance 'Bones' Brennan (Emily Deschanel), such as “We call you people ‘squints,’ because they're always squinting at things.”
And she retorts, “You mean people with high IQs and basic reasoning skills?” In another scene, he expresses impatience with her self-assurance: “You are such a smartass,” and she comes right back with, “Yes, I am smart, but it has nothing to do with my ass.”

This is a form of the approach used in cognitive behavioral therapy to help people overcome depression, anxiety and other challenges: becoming aware of self-critical and negative thoughts, examining them carefully and logically, then editing or rephrasing them.

These thoughts are often irrational beliefs about how life is or how we "should be” and they can become habitual responses to stressful situations, and often too broad to be accurate.
For example, you may think, “I’m too sensitive.” Well, what does that really mean? Too sensitive for what? Maybe it’s just there are situations that cause you more discomfort than you want to put up with. Amy Brenneman [star of “Judging Amy”] was once said, “I'm too sensitive to watch most of the reality shows. It's so painful for me.”
But that is a much more concrete and specific, and therefore real, statement than simply “I’m too sensitive.” And being sensitive, after all, can be a virtue for anyone.

Some people find carefully crafted affirmations placed where you can regularly read them can counteract unrealistic and self-limiting criticism and thinking.

One way to modulate self-critical statements is to ask, If you made this kind of comment to your friend or child, would it be helpful to them? Would it encourage and support them?
And some critical thinking can be positive, when it isn’t extreme, compulsive or unreal. As actor Will Smith noted, “I keep going because I doubt myself. It drives me to be better... It makes me excel.”
Geena Davis, playing the lead in the tv series “Commander in Chief” thinks “you could scratch the surface of most actors and find insecurity played a big part in their drive to become successful."

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING UNNRESEARCH FORUM: PERSEVERANCE

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING UNNRESEARCH FORUM: PERSEVERANCE

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING UNNRESEARCH FORUM: PERSEVERANCE

BIORESOURCESENGINEERING UNNRESEARCH FORUM: PERSEVERANCE

PERSEVERANCE

QUOTES

Mind Power
Self Improvement
Power of Concentration
Will power & Self Discipline

---

Motivation
Law of Attraction
Creative Visualization
Power of Affirmations
Power of Positive Thinking
Success & Achieving Goals

---

Meditation
Happiness
Nonduality
Peace of Mind
Spiritual Growth

---

Free Articles
Inspiring Quotes
Inspiring Stories

---

Advertising
Marketplace
Affiliate Program

---

Links
Free eBooks
About This Web Site
Sign Our Guest Book


Will power and self discipline can be improved and strengthened.

Willpower & Self Discipline

Document Actions The power of concentration Concentration means inner vigilance and alertness. There are thieves all around us and within us. Fear, doubt, worry and anxiety are inner thieves that are trying to steal our inner poise and peace of mind. When we learn how to concentrate, it is very difficult for these forces to enter into us. If doubt enters into our mind, the power of concentration will tear doubt to pieces. If fear enters into our mind, the power of concentration will chase away our fear. Right now we are victims to unlit, obscure, destructive thoughts, but a day will come when, on the strength of our concentration, disturbing thoughts will lie afraid of us. Concentration is the mind's dynamic will that operates in us for our acceptance of light and rejection of darkness. It is like a divine warrior in us. What concentration can do in our life of aspiration is unimaginable. It can easily separate Heaven from hell, so that we can live in the constant delight of Heaven and not in the perpetual worries, anxieties and tortures of hell while we are here on earth. Concentration is the surest way to reach our goal, whether the goal is God-realisation or merely the fulfilment of human desires. A real aspirant sooner or later acquires the power of concentration either through the Grace of God, through constant practice or through his own aspiration.

PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS

Personal effectiveness can be explained as an ability to achieve positive results in those areas of life which matter to you. One person evidently becomes more effective than other in achieving results. So in order to get through these differences let us see what we have to do.
• Ability to take the initiative –
If you initiate your efforts it shows that you are an undisputed leader and usually fall in the eyes of people who can give you an opportunity to grow. It could be at your college or at work. Academic brilliance and ability to influence the environment together alone can make you succeed in career. You will be lost in the crowd if you keep trying to meet the expectations of others instead of influencing them.
• Self-awareness –
Never ignore your weaknesses and have lack of faith in your strengths since it will never let you go forward in life. You need to have a very good understanding of your strengths and weaknesses. Self awareness helps us to have confidence in our abilities. Many weaknesses can be overcome if we can be determined and disciplined. We can make better and more appropriate career choices once we have better understanding of our strengths.
• Focus on goals -
All effective people who are great now are always concerned and think about their goal which are beyond their needs. The same attitude helps you to have a sense of purpose and makes you more effective. Since you will be able to focus all your strength towards your goal.
• Interactive -
If you have an ability to establish and maintain relations with people then you will be popular . To be effective one should not only know about other’s feelings but also be sensitive to them. You will be allowed to learn more about others only when you start sharing about you with others.
Now these are few key factors of personal effectiveness which confirms that personal effectiveness is a state of being rather than an ability or skill that can be acquired.
Some steps that can help you a lot in improving your personal effectiveness are
1. List out all those areas in life which really matter a lot to you and stay focused on those things alone.
For instance, if you want to be a Software Engineer then include it too.
2. Now just remove all those items in that list which you had already achieved.
3. Arrange the rest of the items as per your priority or importance.
4. So now consider the remaining list and study on why you were not able to achieve those goals till now.
5. Keeping in mind these things try to find out how you can approach these issues in life differently.
6. If possible take a feedback from people who know you very well. Focus on what people say about you and consider whether their comments are valid. Do you need to change your attitude and approach life differently ?
7. Decide the areas of your personality you need to work upon.

Want some extra cash? Write a Guest Post for us

Bored? There are over 500 posts to browse

What is Personal Effectiveness?
Personal effectiveness means making the most of talents and resources in all of one's endeavours. At the organisational level, it manifests itself in the form of interpersonal effectiveness and group effectiveness. At the individual level, it promotes happiness and well being. It can be derived through one's work, family or any other means. It is considered to be the combination of many factors that are attributed to personal qualities and external influencing factors that work together in harmony.
Advantage of enhanced personal effectiveness
The greatest advantage in enhancing personal effectiveness is the revival of self-confidence. It goes a step above efficiency. This article projects four distinct points that can be easily remembered for enhancing personal effectiveness.
4 ways to increase personal effectiveness
a) Understand what motivates and inspires you
Have a deep understanding of the various positive factors that drive you to succeed. Let it be your driving force on all days. Even on days that you feel ineffectual, let your driving force or motivating factor propel you forward to your goal. On days when things go by well at the workplace, harness upon the positivity to carry yourself forward to the next day.
b) Keep learning and improving yourself
The philosophical concept of the Golden Mean explains the desirable middle between two extremes - one of extremes and the other of deficiency. This implies that it is always better to maintain a sense of balance in every area of life. For example, career achievements must not be at the cost of one's health or family life. Similarly leisure and entertainment must not be at the cost of hard work and achievement of objectives.
c) Get organized
Don't let procrastination slow down the rate of your success. Clear up the unnecessary clutter - physical objects and emotional baggage - that are time wasters and a source of stress. Getting organised and changing your attitude towards circumstances will lead to positive changes in the workplace as well as in your personal life. Prioritize your work by using the 80% - 20% rule. Delegate when and where necessary.
d) Improve your health
In today's techno-commercial setup, individual health is put under a lot of strain. As much as we would like to ignore the common symptoms of a sedentary work life, ignoring it for long would result in long term damage to the body. A sound mind and body is required to work effectively and consistently produce good results. Sleep atleast 6-8 hours everyday to re-energize and re-vitalize your body. Consuming healthy food that includes lentils, fruit and vegetables is required to provide adequate nutrition required to get you through the day. It is important to drink about 1.5 litres of water everyday. (Consult your physician before undertaking drastic changes in diet)
Personal effectiveness is one of the first comprehensive steps toward achieving success. MMM Training Solutions firmly believes that Personal Effectiveness Training helps individuals, and hence organizations, to achieve their maximum potential. It has a three pronged focus - Time, Stress and Self.
In its Personal Effectiveness Training Material provided, trainers are empowered with powerful insights through which participants are encouraged to develop an action plan for change. This is based on the effective use of time management and stress management - of which is congruent with their unique behavioural style.


Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/2723787

Personal Effectiveness

Competencies included in this domain represent motives and traits; as well as interpersonal and self-management styles. Personal Effectiveness Competencies include:

Interpersonal Skills – Displaying skills to work with people

• Demonstrates concern for others by being sensitive to their needs and feelings
• Shows understanding of others behavior by demonstrating appropriate responses
• Demonstrates respect for the opinions, perspectives, customs and individual differences of others by including others in problem solving and decision making

• Maintains open communication with others
• Recognizes and accurately interprets the verbal and nonverbal behaviors of others
• Demonstrates flexibility and open mindedness when dealing with a wide range of people
• Listens to and considers others' viewpoints and alters own opinion when it is appropriate

Integrity – Displaying accepted social and work behaviors.

• Treats all in a fair and equitable manner
• Behaves ethically through responsible use of company time and property

• Reports unethical behavior demonstrated by others to supervision

Professionalism - Maintaining a professional presence and adhering to ethical standards.

• Demonstrates self-control by maintaining composure and keeping emotions in check even in difficult situations
• Maintains a professional appearance by dressing appropriately for the job and maintaining personal hygiene
• Uses professional language when speaking with supervisor, co-workers and customers

• Is free from substance abuse
• Maintains a positive attitude
• Takes pride in one's work and the work of the organization

Initiative – Goes beyond the demands of the job.

• Pursues work with energy, drive, and a strong accomplishment orientation; persists and expends extra effort to accomplish tasks even when conditions are difficult or deadlines are tight; persists at a task or problem despite interruptions, obstacles, or setbacks.
• Goes beyond the routine demands of the job; takes initiative in seeking out new work challenges and increasing the variety and scope of one's job

• Establishes and maintains personally challenging but realistic work goals; exerts effort toward task mastery
• Working independently; develops own ways of doing things; is able to perform effectively even with minimal direction, support or approval and without direct supervision.

Dependability & Reliability - Displaying responsible behaviors at work.

• Comes to work when scheduled and on time
• Complies with company policies
• Does not attend to personal business while on the job

• Manages stressful situations effectively
• Fulfills obligations of the job

Willingness to Learn – Demonstrating an interest in learning.

• Demonstrates an interest in personal learning and development; seeks feedback from multiple sources about how to improve and develop, and modifies behavior based on feedback or self-analysis of past mistakes.

• Takes steps to develop and maintain knowledge, skills, and expertise necessary to achieve positive results; participates fully in relevant training programs and actively pursues other opportunities to develop knowledge and skills.

Last Updated: May

Goal Setting and Personal Effectiveness

Goal setting is a really important part of achieving what you want from life, and effective goal setting is all about how you set your goals so they are achievable and clear.
If you regularly set goals, monitor them to make sure you are on course, and really personally buy into them, you will greatly increase your personal effectiveness.
And the great thing is that goal setting techniques  can be applied at home, at work, at leisure, you can use it in any aspect of your life.
So here are my top 5 goal setting tips
Read our 5 goal setting tips

---

How To Find Your Purpose In Life

Finding your purpose in life is definitely not an easy task. Even the understanding of what a purpose in life should be is difficult. To find your purpose in life what you should initially understand is that everyone on earth was born having a purpose in their life. Also, this purpose is far more than just performing a duty or a profession, living in good will, or following rules. Your purpose in life is something that only you can do or feel. This purpose defines who you are.
To lead you to determining your purpose in life, I have here some steps and advice:
Read more…

How To Find Your Purpose In Life

Finding your purpose in life is definitely not an easy task. Even the understanding of what a purpose in life should be is difficult. To find your purpose in life what you should initially understand is that everyone on earth was born having a purpose in their life. Also, this purpose is far more than just performing a duty or a profession, living in good will, or following rules. Your purpose in life is something that only you can do or feel. This purpose defines who you are.
To lead you to determining your purpose in life, I have here some steps and advice:

Be clear on your disposition
This means being able to stand on your own. Yes, nobody can live on earth alone, but also, nobody can dictate anybody. Consider other people’s opinions and advice but at the end of every decision, make sure you follow your own idea. Follow other people’s suggestions only if you totally agree with them. Believe that you know better than anybody else when it comes to things that involve you. If you have your own stand, you will find your purpose faster since you avoid confusing your own purpose to that of others.
Self awareness
Know yourself better. This is ti give you ample knowledge on your true personality. To do this, try to list down your aspirations as a child, your current ambitions, your frustrations, your anger, your happiness, your disappointments, etc. just write everything you know about yourself. Be totally aware of who and what you are as a person. Understanding yourself will lead you to personal and spiritual growth and determine your purpose in life simply by giving you an idea of your interests, your desires, your strengths and weaknesses, your capacities and your capabilities. You should also know what extraordinary things that only you can offer. Having a definite identity will draw you closer to finding your purpose.
Keep track of what you are thinking of
Monitoring your thoughts can still be a part of having self awareness, and remembering them is upgrading self awareness to the next level. Listing down the things that cross your mind will make you realize what kind of a person you are and also your ambitions. Being morbid sometimes can also make you find your life’s purpose. Think of the things that you do not want to leave undone when you die. What are the things that you want to have a connection with? You must realize these. These will draw you close to your real life’s purpose.
Discover new things about yourself
Expand your knowledge about yourself. At this point in your life, what are the things that you want to try? This is a way to make you realize where yoy could possibly get the feeling of fulfillment from. Knowing your joy and happiness will bring you a lot closer to your purpose in life.
To deeply comprehend your life’s purpose, you must acknowledge everything. You should know everything about yourself and you should also have to build self confidence by understanding your self-worth. To generalize everything, our purpose is deep within us, we just have to know what it is. Just continue asking yourself questions and provide the answers. Eventually you will just come to realize that you are born for that one purpose. Whatever it may be, it is definitely only you can feel and offer.

Be the first to comment - What do you think?

SUCCESS AND COURAGE

Courage! It sounds an easy quality to possess, bringing with it the dreams and bestowing on every man worth the name the power to endure physical danger. But courage in business is a more complex affair. It presupposes a logical dilemma which can only be escaped in the field of practice.

The man who has nothing but courage easily lets this quality turn into mere stubbornness, and a crass obstinacy is as much a hindrance to business success as a moral weakness. Yet to the man who does not possess moral courage the most brilliant abilities may prove utterly useless.

There is the folly of resistance and the folly of complaisance. There is the tendency towards eternal compromise and the desire for futile battle. Until the mind of youth has adjusted itself between the two extremes and formed a technique which is not so much independent of either tendency as inclusive of both, youth cannot hope for great success.

The evils which pure stubbornness brings in its train are perfectly clear. Men cling to a business indefinitely in the fond wish that a loss may yet be turned into a profit. They hope on for a better day which their intelligence tells them will never dawn.

For this attitude of mind stupidity is a better word than stubbornness, and a far better word than courage. When reason and judgment bid us give up the immediate battle and start afresh on some new line, it is intellectual cowardice, not moral courage, which bids us persevere. This obstinacy is the reverse of the shield of which courage is the shining emblem—for courage in its very essence can never be divorced from judgment.

But it is easy for the character to run to the other extreme. There is a well-known type of Jewish business man who never succeeds because he is always too ready to compromise before the goal of a transaction has been attained. To such a mind the certainty of half a loaf is always better than the probability of a whole one. One merely mentions the type to accentuate the paradox.

Great affairs above all things require for their successful conduct that class of mind which is eminently sensitive to the drift of events, to the characters or changing views of friends and opponents, to a careful avoidance of that rigidity of standpoint which stamps the doctrinaire or the mule. The mind of success must be receptive and plastic. It must know by the receptivity of its capacities whether it is paddling against the tide or with it.

But it is perfectly clear that this quality in the man of affairs, which is akin to the artistic temperament, may very easily degenerate into mere pliability. Never fight, always negotiate for a remnant of the profits, becomes the rule of life. At each stage in the career the primroses will beckon more attractively towards the bonfire, and the uphill path of contest look more stony and unattractive. In this process the intellect may remain unimpaired, but the moral fibre degenerates.

I once had to make a choice of this nature in the days of my youth when I was forming the Canada Cement Company. One of the concerns offered for sale to the combine was valued at far too high a price. In fact, it was obvious that only by selling it at this over-valuation could its debts be paid. The president of this overvalued concern was connected with the most powerful group of financiers that Canada has ever seen. Their smile would mean fortune to a young man, and their frown ruin to men of lesser position.

The loss of including an unproductive concern at an unfair price would have been little to me personally—but it would have saddled the new amalgamated industry and the investors with a liability instead of an asset. It was certainly far easier to be pliable than to be firm. Every kind of private pressure was brought to bear on me to accede to the purchase of the property.

When this failed, all the immense engines for the formation of public opinion which were at the disposal of the opposing forces were directed against me in the form of vulgar abuse. And that attack was very cleverly directed. It made no mention of my refusal to buy a certain mill for the combine at an excessive cost to the shareholding public. On the contrary, those who had failed to induce me to break faith with the investing public appealed to that public to condemn me for forming a Trust.

I am prepared now to confess that I was bitterly hurt and injured by the injustice of these attacks. But I regret nothing. Why? Because these early violent criticisms taught me to treat ferocious onslaughts in later life with complete indifference. A certain kind of purely cynical intelligence would hold that I should have been far wiser to adopt the pliable rôle.

But that innate judgment which dwells in the recesses of the mind tells me that my whole capacity for action in affairs would have been destroyed by the moral collapse of yielding to that threat. Pliability would have become a habit rather than a matter of judgment and will, for fortitude only comes by practice.

Every young man who enters business will at some time or another meet a similar crisis which will determine the bias of his career and dictate his habitual technique in negotiation.

But he may well exclaim, "How do you help me? You say that courage may be stubbornness and even stupidity—and compromise a mere form of cowardice or weakness. Where is the true courage which yet admits of compromise to be found?

It is the old question: How can firmness be combined with adaptability to circumstances? There is no answer except that the two qualities must be made to run concurrently in the mind. One must be responsive to the world, and yet sensible of one's own personality.

It is only the special circumstance of a grave crisis which will put a young man to this crucial test of judgment. The case will have to be judged on its merits, and yet the final decision will affect the whole of his career. But one practical piece of advice can be given. Never bully, and never talk about the whip-hand—it is a word not used in big business.

The view of the intellect often turns towards compromise when the direction of the character is towards battle. Such a conflict of tendencies is most likely to lead to the wise result. The fusion of firmness with a careful weighing of the risks will best attain the real decision which is known as courage.

The intellectual judgment will be balanced by the moral side. Any man who could attain this perfect balance between these two parallel sides of his mind would have attained, at a single stroke, all that is required to make him eminent in any walk of life. One regards perfection, but cannot attain it. Nonetheless, it is out of this struggle to combine a sense of proportion with an innate hardihood that true courage is born; and courage is success.You may wonder why other people become successful individuals. Why is that? The answer is courage!

Courage is the key to success. It is the answer towards getting the success you always wanted. Great things are achieved by being courageous and self-confident. Courage is neither the absence of fear nor the opposite of it.

Courage is the action that surpasses the feeling of fear. You will not be able to succeed unless you learn to face fear by demonstrating courage. If you would like to succeed, then the first step is to develop the courage within you.

Here are some guidelines you can apply in developing courage and achieve the success you always dreamed of:

1. Learn to accept the existence of fear. Fear is your greatest enemy. It is something that keeps you from being the person that you could be. It stops you from doing the things you would like to do and hinders you from getting the things you would like to have.

Do not deny that you fear something. Treat fear as your friend and not as an enemy. Everybody knows how it feels to be scared but only a few understand that feeling fear is normal. It is a human characteristic that you cannot eliminate in every person.

You will never be able to overcome fear if you do not accept that it exists. You will never be able to understand it unless you accept to yourself that fear is a normal characteristic of every person. When you admit that you fear something, you will be able to think of ways to move through it.

2. Understand why you fear something. Ask yourself the reason why you fear it. Learn to analyze and see the truth why fear exists.

Fear is the thought of something that you would not like to happen. In every situation, it is either you succeed or fail. Many are scared of failing and get they get consumed by that feeling. However, fear become more difficult to handle if you always think of the failure that might happen in everything that you do.

Ask yourself the reason that scares you in doing something. Do not run from it instead take it as a chance to evaluate the situation and assess what is causing your fear.

3. Learn the value of courage. To know and understand its value is committing to it. You need to dedicate yourself to courage in order to know and understand its importance. Ask yourself why you need courage.

Always remember its importance in everything that you do and the reason why you need to develop it. It is not enough that you believe that success involve great risks. You need to dedicate yourself to what you believe. If you believe that it takes courage to succeed, you should learn to apply it even in the small decisions that you do in your everyday life.

4. Learn to face fear. Fear is something that you need to experience and accept. You need to learn how to move out of your comfort zone. If you fear something, then face it. You will grow and develop only if you will face your fear and walk through it. Always understand that to reach your goals, you need be scared once in a while.

Once you face fear, that is the chance for you to fulfill your commitment to courage. You can start this by giving yourself the recognition you deserve once you were able to face fear on the little things that happen to your everyday. These little fears that you were able to surpass are already bits of success. For every small amount of courage that you were able to demonstrate is already success in itself.

5. Do not be afraid of failure. Many are scared of reaching their goals because they are not willing to risk failure. The thought of fear itself would sometimes scare you.
However, if you would like to succeed, you need the courage to risk failure. You may want to list the worst possible outcomes of a difficult situation you are facing. By doing this, you are able to analyze and think deeply if something is really worth the try to be successful.

You can decide on the things that matters to you and the things that you are willing to risk in order to succeed and then you will be able to think of other alternatives to achieve the goal without risking that much.

6. Understand the importance of admitting mistakes. Successful people do commit mistakes. They are not someone who makes right decisions every time. Mistakes are important because they serve as teachers. You should be able to learn and gain experience from the mistakes that you have committed.

The Mental Toughness Formula for Self-Mastery and High Achievement Revealed You are about to discover a revolutionary, practical formula for dismantling fear and fulfilling your deepest desires. For the first time, there is a proven, step-by-step mental toughness formula for conquering life’s elusive challenges. Here is why: Struggles in money, career, and relationships all share the same root cause. Finally, the antidote to these painful life problems - and the formula for self-mastery and high achievement - has been discovered and is now being released. The Courage to Win formula has been 14 years in the making. It has been researched, developed, and tested in applied work with over 6,000 people for proven results. Two solid years were spent refining its inner workings. It was then painstakingly revised 23 times and presented in over 1300 live seminars. When the dust settled, approximately $258,000 had been invested in research and development on this revolutionary formula. In The Courage to Win, you’ll learn how to move to the next stage of your evolution and realize your highest self, and attain abundance. Whether you want to get a promotion, make more money, get someone to pursue you for love and affection, get fit, or simply conduct yourself with more confidence - the Courage to Win formula is going to help make your goal a reality.

SELF CONFIDENCE/MORAL VALUES

EXPLORING VALUES, RULES AND PRINCIPLES.

Danney Ursery

Your values (beliefs or attitudes about what is good, right, desirable, worthwhile, etc.) and your value system (the ways you organize, rank, prioritize and make decisions based on your values) provide the foundation from which you make your personal and professional judgments and choices. They are your beliefs about what is important in life. Some values refer to how one should act (for example, to be honest, self-disciplined, kind). Other values refer to what one wants to accomplish or obtain in life (for example, to want a lot of money, security, fame, health, salvation, wisdom).
Your values exist as a complex set of interweaving personal policies or priorities that serve as a guide for decision-making. Values may be based on knowledge, aesthetic considerations, practicality, moral grounds, or on a combination of these. Much of what we value is not concerned with our sense of morality or ethics, so not all values can be called moral ones. Most of us value money, status, personal fulfillment, and freedom, and while these are not immoral values, they are not necessarily moral values. For the sake of our discussions, we will call these nonmoral or instrumental values. There are several general categories of values, but listed below are probably the major four. Our discussions will be concerned directly with number four, morals-based values, and indirectly with immoral and nonmoral values.
¨ Knowledge-based value: I value philosophy because it gives me great insight into life.
¨ Aesthetic-based value: I prefer classical music because it sounds much better than
country music.

¨ Instrumental value: I must have a job because it allows me to achieve certain extrinsic
goals.
¨ Moral value: I believe it is wrong to lie because lying shows disrespect for other
people.
Notice this last sentence involves both a moral judgment and a moral rule. This is important. "I believe it is wrong to lie" is a moral judgment, and to support this judgment, a reason could be "because lying shows disrespect for other people." All moral judgments must be grounded in a moral rule-this is the final section of the Discovery Essay.
Value conflict occurs when an individual experiences uncertainty about what he or she really believes or wants or when it is not clear how to rank his or her values. When moral-based values conflict, then a moral dilemma arises-one is, metaphorically speaking, between a rock and a hard spot. A person cannot "have it all" or "be all things." When values conflict, choices must be made. Ranking or prioritizing must be established since this is one of the best ways to help decide what our primary value is and to assist in making a moral judgment. Those values which you consistently rank higher than others are called your core values. Courses in moral reasoning will help you think better about moral dilemmas, value conflicts, and what your core values might be.
In this course you are asked to analyze the values involved in your moral dilemma, moral rule, or moral judgment, while in other courses you may be asked to analyze the values of the different parties involved in the moral controversy you are researching. Remember, in both cases you are looking at a moral dilemma rather than simply a social or cultural issue. Be careful not to confuse the two. The values involved in a moral dilemma are usually both good moral values in which you believe, but both, in a particular case, cannot be ranked the highest value.
Your moral values are your beliefs about what is important in life. Some values refer to how one should act (be honest, altruistic, self-disciplined) while other values refer to what one wants to accomplish or obtain in life (a lot of money, fame, a family, friendships, world peace). Because a person cannot "have it all" or "be all things," priorities must be set and choices made. Setting your priorities often leads to value conflicts. You may want to be successful in your career, but you may also want a more relaxing lifestyle and more time to spend with friends and family. Here, the value of success may come into conflict with the value of family. This is just one example. Stop reading for a moment, think about and then write down an important value conflict you are experiencing in your life right now. Some examples of moral values are: integrity, respect, caring, justice, civic virtue, and openness. There are many, many moral values; thus, these represent only a very few.
Very simply put, to understand and solve a moral dilemma, you must figure out which values are involved in the conflict, prioritize them, and act upon the primary value. The act must be grounded in a moral rule, and the moral rule justified or defended using normative ethical principles that are part of a normative ethical theory.
To direct you in creating your moral rule and, later, in justifying the rule, consider the following. What is the difference between a moral rule and an ethical principle? An example of a moral rule is "one should not lie," whereas an ethical principle could be "one should respect other people." Ethical principles, such as those found in the theories of Kant and Mill, help us justify or defend our moral rules, as well as decide between conflicting moral rules. A moral rule is very specific; it is action guiding. It tells you what to do in a specific situation. A moral rule doesn't tell you anything about why, in a particular situation, it applies instead of another moral rule. Our moral rules are often the outcome of our religion, social mores, our politics, or our culture.


Ethical principles, on the other hand, do tell you how to decide among competing moral rules, mores, and values, and these types of principles are found in normative ethical theories. Most ethicists maintain that these principles are not relative, but objective; they are universal though not necessarily always absolute (i.e., unchanging). The justification essay investigates which ethical principles justify the moral judgment that guided your proposal in the discovery essay. An ethical principle, e.g, the Categorical Imperative or the Principle of Utility, is much more general than a moral rule so that it can be used in many different situations to help decide which rule to act on in a specific situation. It isn't general for the purpose of being vague. If you are unclear about what ethical principles are and how they differ from moral rules, please review this with your instructor or raise the question in class. It is important you are clear about this distinction.
In some cases, instead of a moral rule, people offer a value statement. A value statement does not express an "ought" or a "should." A value statement conveys that something has merit or worth, but it doesn't say what should be done; that is, it is not prescriptive or normative. (For example, "human life is sacred" is a value statement and "life" and "sacred" are values for most people.) Moral rules are quite specific about what should be done. Value statements are not specific about what should be done. Values are general beliefs or attitudes about something we desire or like. Our values very often underlie our moral rules. If my moral rule is "always be honest," then my value is "honesty." Values only express what it is that we believe has value. As in the above case, however, moral judgments and moral rules are often contained within the same sentence. Thus, sentences are often both descriptive (I believe. . .) and prescriptive or normative (you ought to do . . .). An ethical principle is part of an ethical theory and it is usually an objective, universal statement.
Even though people regularly mix up values, moral rules and ethical principles, we have tried to emphasize the difference. Being a moral person is more than following accepted codes of conduct, whether business, religious, political, or simply holding a belief in the importance of ethics. It requires our knowing how to make good moral decisions by using ethical standards and critical thinking and to be sensitive to the implications of our decisions. The study of ethics requires the ability to do in-depth critical thinking, the ability to evaluate ambiguous and incomplete information, and to have sufficient intellectual skills to implement our moral decisions. Morality has a price and sometimes we must choose between what we want to be and what we want or desire. Very often what we have the right to do is not identical with what the right thing to do is. There is not one single decision making procedure which works. All we can do it offer strategy or a methodology which can help guide us.

Moral Reasoning Guidelines

Normative Ethical Principles.

Overview of Values.
Self confidence is one of the keys to success that I discuss in Straight Talk for Success.  If you want to become self confident, you need to do three things. 1) Become an optimist.  2) Face your fears and act.  3) Surround yourself with positive people.
Robin Harpe is a friend of mine and a great coach.  She and I are members of the Total Coach community.  Last week, Robin wrote a dynamite article on courage.  And, as we all know, courage is acknowledging your fear and acting anyway.  Robin’s article is so good that I’ve asked her to be my guest poster for today.  She was nice enough to agree.  Here is her article How to Develop Courage…

Let's face it without courage crashing through the terror barrier is difficult, if not, impossible!
So, how do we develop courage?  I'm so glad you asked...that is exactly what I'm going to explain.
The dictionary says courage is "the ability to disregard fear; bravery."  If you are courageous you are brave and fearless.
 
Just as in the wizard of Oz, the lion knew he needed courage, he was afraid of his own shadow.  To be successful we must do things that unsuccessful people do not want to do.  Those things require levels of courage.
 
For example, you know it is important to learn to speak in public.  Whether for your current job, an interview, promoting your business or your ideas you are speaking and selling.  Statistics show the number 1 fear most people have is public speaking.  Selling is public speaking whether for 1 or 100.  I know entrepreneurs who say they don't like to sell.  If you don't promote your business, people don't know about you.  If they don't know about you they can't call you or visit your store!  That's very basic but an often forgotten principle.  That's not success.
 
Remember the show "Fear Factor" where contestants competed for prizes by conquering their fears through daring feats.  Many of those contestants could not complete assignments after signing up and making the show.  Their fear held them back and they were not able to look beyond the fear toward the goal of the prize.  Does that sound familiar?
 How many times have you decided to start something only to procrastinate or quit because of fear?  You are not alone it happens to all of us.  The problem is when fear holds you back from accomplishing your goals, achieving greatness and fulfilling your purpose.  You begin this slippery slope by allowing doubt, worry and anxiety into your life.  Unchecked these attitudes become suppressed and depression occurs.  All progress stops. 
The successful person feels the fear and does the thing anyway.   They give themselves a command and follows through on that command.  Let's go back to our public speaking example.  You know you must learn to speak in front of others.  The best and only way is to just get up and do it.  Now, I wouldn't go out and rent a 100 person hall right away!  Why?  Because you need to practice.  Most people do best by starting small, even with people they know in a more intimate setting.  Once your confidence begins to increase you will attract larger crowds.
 
To develop courage is to just start!  Action is the cure for procrastination.  Procrastination is the backbone of the fear of success which causes self-sabotage.
 
Here are the keys to developing courage worthy of a lion:
 
1.  Complete your due diligence and decide the thing you want.
2.  Decide you are going to do this.  Whatever this is for you and you decided in #1.
3.  Believe in yourself -- have high self esteem.
4.  Look back at previous successes and know you can do this.
5.  Buckle down, like a bull in a china shop and charge head first into the thing you fear.
6.  Just do it, begin, make the first phone call, make the first presentation, sign those papers, make the reservation, call her/him, make the request, be the first to respond, stand up!
7.  Practice these principles every time a fear raises its head and conquer your fear.
 
Do not pass go before you start.  What's the worst thing that can happen?  Really, what is the worst thing that can happen?  You stay right where you are now? Just take a step. 
 
My mother tells me I have great courage, I'm brave.  I always thought it was stubbornness but now I see that when things got tough I would just get going.  It is a habit.  Develop this habit to be 'on' all the time not just during the tough and rough spots.  Being fearless is risky.  But as you develop the attitude of courage through action you will become fearless. 
Talk with you soon,
Your Coach, Robin Harpe

P.S. To secure your free coaching consultation just go here: http://coachrobinharpe.com/Test/gen-step3.php
P.S.S. To pick up a copy of the book Navigate Your Life - 10 Success Secrets to Set Your Internal Compass click here:  http://www.navigateyourlifebook.com/

The common sense point here is clear.  Successful people are self confident.  Self confident people face their fears and act.  Robin Harpe calls this having courage worthy of a lion.  And, as we all know, the female lion does the heavy lifting, she is the one with the courage to hunt.   If you follow just one piece of Robin’s advice, “Just do it, begin, make the first phone call, make the first presentation, sign those papers, make the reservation, call her/him, make the request, be the first to respond, stand up!” you’ll not only build your courage, you’ll become more self confident and successful in your life and career.
That’s Robin Harpe’s and my take on courage and self confidence.  Do you have any amazing stories when your courage carried the day?  If you do, please leave a comment sharing them with us.  As always, thanks for reading.
Bud

Introduction to Moral Reasoning.